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CHAPTER 11:Leases

11.1

Accounting policies relating to leases

 

A contract is, or contains, a lease if the contract conveys the right to control the use of an identified asset for a period of time in exchange for consideration.

At inception, or upon reassessment, of a contract that contains a lease component, the consideration in the contract is allocated to each lease and non-lease component on the basis of their relative standalone prices.

An accounting policy choice was made not to apply IFRS 16 to leases of intangible assets.

As lessee

a) Recognition

A lease is recognised as a lease liability and corresponding right-of-use asset at the commencement date of the lease. Each lease payment is allocated between the settlement of the lease liability and finance costs. The finance costs are charged to profit or loss over the lease period so as to produce a constant periodic rate of interest on the remaining balance of the lease liability for each period. The right-of-use asset is depreciated over the shorter of the asset’s useful life and the lease term on a straight-line basis, except when there is a purchase option which is expected to be exercised, in which case it is depreciated over the asset’s useful life.

Non-lease components, contained in a lease, are recognised as an expense in profit or loss when incurred.

b) Measurement

i) Initial measurement

Right-of-use assets   Lease liabilities

Measured at cost which is:

  • The amount of the initial measurement of the lease liability
  • Plus any lease payments made at or before the commencement date
  • Less any lease incentives received
  • Plus any initial direct costs
  • Plus estimated restoration costs.
 
 

Measured at the present value of the following lease payments:

  • Fixed payments (including in-substance fixed payments), less any lease incentives receivable
  • Variable lease payments that are based on an index or a rate
  • Amounts expected to be payable by the lessee under residual value guarantees
  • The exercise price of a purchase option if the lessee is reasonably certain to exercise that option
  • Payments of penalties for terminating the lease if the lease term reflects the lessee exercising that option.

The lease payments are discounted using the interest rate implicit in the lease. If that rate cannot be determined, an incremental borrowing rate is applied.

ii) Subsequent measurement

Right-of-use assets   Lease liabilities
The right-of-use asset is measured applying the cost model where a right-of-use asset falls within the scope of IAS 16 Property, Plant and Equipment.

Measured at:

  • Cost less
  • Accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment losses
  • Adjusted for any remeasurements or modifications of the lease liability.
 

The lease liability is measured by:

  • Increasing the carrying amount to reflect interest on the lease liability
  • Reducing the carrying amount to reflect the lease payments made
  • Remeasuring the carrying amount to reflect any reassessment or lease modification or to reflect revised in-substance fixed lease payments.


Incremental borrowing

Useful lives 2020 2019 rates 2020 2019
Land and buildings 10 to 30 years 10 to 30 years Lease term greater than    
Residential land and buildings 3 years 10 years 12 months but less than 18 months 7.85% 7.85%
Buildings and infrastructure 3 to 10 years 3 to 10 years Lease term greater than    
Machinery, plant and equipment 2 to 5 years 2 to 5 years 18 months 7.33% to 10.44% 10.42% to 10.44%

c) Short-term leases and leases of low-value assets

Payments associated with short-term leases and leases of low-value assets are recognised on a straight-line basis, over the lease term, as an expense in profit or loss. Short-term leases are leases with a lease term of 12 months or less. Leases of low-value assets comprise IT equipment, furniture, fittings and appliances, as well as tools and other small equipment used at the plants.